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[Music]

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hi

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my name is paul morris and i'm a video

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over the years i've had the amazing

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opportunity to interview some of the

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brightest minds in astrophysics and some

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of the coolest astronauts and people in

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the world

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as a rule i always ask every single

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person this one question

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every

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single

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time this is the cliche question but

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always what's your favorite hubble image

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oh

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whoa it's my favorite hubble image

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ah

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can you talk about your favorite hubble

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what is your favorite hubble image in

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water

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what is your favorite hubble image and

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why

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i began to see a pattern in their

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answers

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the hubble deep field the ultra deep

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field the ultra deep field one of the

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questions you were going to ask me was

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what was my favorite image my favorite

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image is the deep feel image it's um

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because it's one that that tells an

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incredible

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story about our universe

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back in 1994 robert williams then

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director of the space telescope science

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institute in baltimore maryland came up

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with a plan

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he wanted to point hubble at a spot in

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the sky where there was seemingly

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nothing there

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a lot of scientists and astronomers at

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the time thought this was a huge waste

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of valuable hubble resources and pushed

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back

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williams however continued forward with

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his plan

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he controlled 10

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of hubble's observation time known as

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director's discretionary time he decided

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to use some of that to take a long

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exposure that would be made immediately

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available to the public

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taken over the course of 10 days in 1995

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the hubble deep field captured roughly 3

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000 distant galaxies in various stages

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of evolution three thousand galaxies

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where it seemed like there was nothing

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the world was stunned

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when we finally looked at what came back

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it was one of the most

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mind-boggling images of the whole

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hubble collection galaxies with billions

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of stars and

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billions of planets we know nowadays and

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guess what

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one of those planets in this image may

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have somebody

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like you or me or some other intelligent

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life form that we don't even know about

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yet so we got to keep searching we gotta

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we gotta tell that story you know

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the deep in hubble deep field refers to

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the telescope's ability to look at some

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of these far faint objects

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looking at far away objects in space is

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like seeing back in time

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light moves at tremendous speeds but it

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still takes time to travel across the

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vastness of space

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even the light from our own sun needs 8

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minutes and 20 seconds to reach earth

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so when we look at the sun we see it as

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it was a little more than eight minutes

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earlier the farther away the object the

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younger it appears in hubble's eyes

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the deep field was like a core sample of

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space showing galaxies at different and

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earlier stages of development the deeper

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they appeared in the image

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science and astronomy is all about

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honing and improving our senses

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no one expected the hubble deep field to

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have thousands of galaxies in that

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single image

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we thought

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x

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and we were so wrong

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and that experiment it took great

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engineering to do with a great system

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hubble allowed the astrophysics to say

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hold it you know it's different it

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helped connect the dark energy dark

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matter theories to what the light we can

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see is and for me it's it's beautiful

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because it's it's like looking into a

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pond and seeing the water molecules and

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the living cells that are micron around

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of the microbes

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it's like that kind of

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moment it must have been like the early

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microscopists who first looked at pond

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scum and said geez there's stuff going

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on or galileo when he first sensed the

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satellites of jupiter since the original

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hubble deep field hubble has gone on to

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collect over 20 deep fields of various

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parts of the sky in multiple wavelengths

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of light

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to create each image it is gazed at the

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same point in space for many orbits

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gathering as much light as it can

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every single one of these increased our

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knowledge of the universe and our place

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in it

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the hubble ultra deep field for instance

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released in 2004 had a longer exposure

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time than the previous deep field this

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new snapshot contained even more

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galaxies of various ages sizes shapes

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and colors

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the smallest reddest galaxies may be

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among the most distant known existing

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when the universe was just 800 million

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years old

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when i stare at that image

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my imagination goes wild i wonder what

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it would be like to visit any one of

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those little smudges of light which

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would be

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presumably possibly similar to our own

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milky way galaxy and also realizing that

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if we extrapolate that image to the

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whole sky that's what our universe looks

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like in any direction we see a

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collection of galaxies like that

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the width of the hubble ultra deep field

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is less than one tenth the diameter of

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the full moon

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that's like looking through the eye of a

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needle held at arm's length

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and in that tiny space we found ten

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thousand galaxies

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space

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ten thousand galaxies in that one too

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ten thousand galaxies there and ten

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thousand galaxies there

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if you add them all up that means the

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entire observable universe is estimated

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to contain at least 200 billion galaxies

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200 billion galaxies

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if each galaxy has an average of a

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hundred million stars in it then that

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means there are at least 20 quintillion

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stars in the observable universe that's

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a 2 with 19 zeros after it

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it makes me uh of course just

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overwhelmed but also just very curious

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about

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wouldn't wouldn't it be wonderful if i

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could just

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beam myself over to one of those

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galaxies and explore around and see if

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they have stars and planets like we have

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in our own milky way

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and just to just be amazed

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not only at the magnitude of the

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universe but to be grateful that i can

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be a part of the universe and have the

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ability to look out and see this

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grandeur that's what i love about the

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the ultra deep field and that's what i

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love about astronomy images in general

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inspired by hubble's deep field other

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nasa great observatories would go on to

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take deep field images in their own

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wavelengths of light

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these observations continue to make nasa

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science even richer than before

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the hubble space telescope has helped us

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take a step forward in understanding our

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place in the universe with hubble's

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mirror acting as our eyes we are just

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starting to perceive the real universe

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and the deep field images are yet

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another step forward to a brighter

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tomorrow

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the image itself might not look as

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beautiful as a single spiral galaxy

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where you see all the stars

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but what you're looking at is a tiny

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little part of the sky and they found

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thousands of galaxies in that tiny

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little spot

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and so you see this image

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and the ones that are a little closer to

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us you can see some detail on you can

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actually see that they're spiral

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galaxies or kind of blobby elliptical

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galaxies they're actually beautiful

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little galaxies and of themselves of

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course they're not little they're just

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very far away

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but then you see this background which

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really just becomes dots

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and and each one of those dots is not a

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star

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but a collection of hundreds of billions

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of stars just so far away that it

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appears as a dot

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and and some of the smaller dots in that

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image you're looking at galaxies as they

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were

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you know more than 10 11 billion years

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ago

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in this tiny little dot in the sky

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you can look through it and you can see

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the history of the whole universe

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and so when you see the hubble deep

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field you know i can feel you know the

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hair rising on the back of my neck and

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i'm getting goosebumps even just

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thinking about it

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you know through a tiny little pinhole

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you can see the whole history of the

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universe right there that's the hubble

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wow

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[Music]

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so

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[Music]

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[Applause]